Aloe epaticum: Also, hepatic aloes. From East Indies originally. Reddish brown or liver color; powder is of a dull yellow color. 

Alum: Typically, potassium aluminum sulphate (K2SO4.Al2[SO4]3.24H2O). 

Alum plumosum: Plumose alum, or Plume alum. A kind of natural alum, composed of a sort of threads, or fibres, resembling feathers; whence its name; artificially produced by treating clay tobacco pipes with sulfuric acid to produce crystals; not asbestos. 

Aurum musicum: Also, Aurum mosaicum, musitum, 
musivum, purpurina, porporina; mosaic gold. Stannic sulphide (SnS2). 

Argentum musicum: Mosaic silver. 

Ashes of Copper: Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) 

Auripigmentum: Also, orpiment, opiment. 
Arsenic trisulfide (AS2S3). 

Blew heidleber: Bilberry, whortleberry, huckleberry. 

Brasill: Brazil wood. A natural dye from the wood of Caesalpina braziliensis. (C16H12O5). 

Brimstone: Sulfur (S). 

Colofoniam: Colophony; a resinous substance from distillation of light oil from turpentine. 

Conterfein: Metallic zinc (Zn). 

Gauls: Oak galls. 

Gaule of Eeles: Gall of eels, also, Bile yellow; bile from the gall bladder of eels; gall stones. 

Gineper: Juniper. 

Indicum: Indigo; a plant dye prepared from the fermented leaves of the plant, Indigofera tinctoria. 

Limbeck: Alembic; a glass or pottery vessel used to distill or reduce liquids over heat, consisting of a body/cucurbit/matrass, a head or capital, a pipe, and a receiver. 

Luttum: Lute, typically of clay, to form a seal. 

Oxe gaule: Ox gall; prepared liquid from a bovine gall bladder, used as a surfactant, and as a coloring agent. 

Pixgraecum: Also, pica greca. Greek pitch. 

Pomestone: Pumice stone. 

Quick silver: Mercury (Hg). 

Red lead: White lead or litharge heated for some hours to approx. 
480 C (Pb3O4). 

Salarmoniacke: Sal Ammoniac, (also Sal Armoniac, 
Salt Armoniack); ammonium chloride (NH4CL). 

Strong wine: Brandy. 

Unsleact lime: Unslaked lime. 

Verdigreece: Verdigris (verdegrise, vert de grise), basic copper 
acetate (Cu(C2H3O2)2 . 2Cu(OH)2). 

Victriall: Vitriol; typically ferrous sulphate, also known as 
Green vitriol (FeSO4). 
Blue vitriol, blue copperas; copper sulphate (CuSO4.5H2O). 
White vitriol; zinc sulphate (ZnSO4). 

White lead: Basic lead carbonate (Pb(CO3)2 . Pb(OH)2).